Core-drill.



PATENTED AUG. 22, 1905.

W. 3- SMITH. GORE DRILL. APPLICATION FILED A,PR.11, 190s.

PATENTED AUG. 22, 1905.

W. 3. SMITH.

CORE DRILL. APPLICATION FILED APRIL 1905.

3 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

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APPLICATION FILED APR 11, 1905 ca 0 G Witnesses UNITED STATES PATENTOFFICE. WILLIAM S. SMITH, OF BIGRU'N, PENNSYLVANIA.

CORE-DRILL Patented Aug. 22, 1905.

Application filed April 11,1906. Burial No. 255,037-

.lo a/Z l whom it may concern:

Be it known thatl, WILLIAM S. SMITH, a citizen of the United States,residing at Bigrun, in the county of J efl'erson and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements inCore-Drills, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to that class of drills in which atubulardrilling tool is used to make an annular cut and form a central body orcore which extends into the tool and which may be removed forexamination in order to determine the character of the material throughwhich the boring is edected.

Urdinarily the cutter carries diamonds and is rotated rapidly, waterbeing supplied to the cutter in order to wash away the material as fastas cut out in order to allow the diamonds to operate .most efiiciently;but there is an objection to the use of water in this way, because thiswater will often destroy or injure the core received by the tool andwhich it is desirable to preserve and inspect. Sometimes the coreinstead of being hard is relatively soft and easily affected by water.

Une object of my invention is to provide a tool of the class specifiedwhich will operate efficiently withoutthe necessity ofusing water; and afurther object of my invention is to pro vide a tool which need not berotated, but which can be reciprocated to out the annular hole aroundthe core, the powdered material being allowed to rise between thecore-barrel and the outer casing and find its exit through suitableopenings in the casing.

in my drill the inner tube or core-barrel is stationary while the cutteris being reciprocated, and inasmuch as the cutter is adapted to turn toa limited extent. during reciprocation provision is made for allowingthis turning movement without moving the core-barrel or inner tube. I

Inasmuch as the core-barrel does not reciprocate or rotate it isdesirable in order that the core-may be properly formed to provide thecore-barrel with a cutting edge which shall shave down around the coreas the operation progresses, thus allowing the corebarrel to descendproperly with the main cutter. The tool is so constructed that each timethat the main cutter drops it imparts 'a smart blow to the core-barrel,causing the cutter at its lower end to cut or shave thecore in themanner before specified.

In some cases the core is so soft and crumbly that it isdiflicult toremove it from the corebarrel for inspection intact. I therefore providea way by which the material maybe inspected without removing the corefrom the core-barrel, and I have also provided means by which the corebarrel may be readily detached from the tool without separating otherparts of the tool .from their support. Sometimes-the core is of suchsoft material that the ordinary gripping devices will not hold thecorein the barrel. 1 have provided a device which will hold the core inplace no matter how soft it may be.

Other features of my invention are plainly illustrated in theaccompanying drawings and will be hereinafter fully described.

Figure 1 shows a side elevation of my improved core-drill. Fig. 2 showsa longitudinal section thereof, the upper part, however, being shown inelevation. Fig. 3 is a view in longitudinal section, on'an enlargedscale,with parts broken away of my improved drill. 'Fig. lis aperspective view of the drill-head and the weighted head oi the corebarrel. Fig. 5 shows a transverse section on the line 5 5 of Fig. 3.Figs. 6, 7, and it are transverse sections on thelines 6 l5, 7 7,, and 88 of Fig. 3. Fig.

9 is a view, on an enlarged scale, illustrating particularly the way inwhich the bits or cutters are connected with their tubes. Fig. 10 showsan end view or the cutters. Fig.1]. shows an elevation ota modified formof cutter. Fig. 12 shows aside elevation of acore- -tube provided with aremovable section allowing the core to be inspected without its removalt'rorn'the core-barrel. Fig. 13 shows a vertical section of a modifiedform. of cutter for the core-barrel and a device for sustaining the corewhen the latter is of powdered or soft material, this device taking theplace of the gripping springs or dogs usually employed. Fig. 14 shows atransverse section on the line 16 16 of Fig. 12. Figs. 15

and 16 are detail views of the construction shown in Fig. 13. Fig. 17 isan elevation of the valve sometimes used in the core-barrel, and Fig..18 is a perspective view thereof.

My improved core-drill is adapted to be attached to the apparatususually employed for operating the ordinary churn-drills, in which areciprocating motion is given to the drilling-tool and no rapid rotarymovement is given to the tool, although, as is common in such apparatus,the tool is usually turned to some extent at each reciprocation. Mycoredrill canbe easilyv applied to the lower drilltwo such tubes andcutters, although in some cases only one need be employed. The head orcap E is formed with a screw top or end 6,

adapting it to be attached to a drill-rod, and

it is formed with a square or hexagonal sur-- face 6, to which a wrenchmay be applied when detaching or attaching the core-drill to the rod.The outer tube D is attached at d to the drill-head by screw-threads,and the tube O is attached to a reduced portion E of the head at e byscrew-threads. In this way an annular space a is left between the tubes(3 and D. The cutters c d are preferably of the form shown on anenlarged scalein Figs. 3, 9, and 10. It will be observed that the teethare quite long, and they are beveled in opposite directions so as toefliciently cut the material by being merely reciprocated therein.

The cutters are connected by screw-threads at G to the tubes 0 and D,respectively, and are detachable therefrom. By the use of two concentriccutters a clear annular cut is made around the core, and some of thematerial cut out finds its way up between the core-barrel A and thetubes C and D. The tubes C and D are slotted, as shown at H, to allowthe pulverized material to escape, and if water filters through theearth it will also find its way' out through .these slots. Openings J Jare also made at the top of the tubes C and D for the escape of thepowdered material and any water that may find its way to the top of thetu es.

Each of the bits or cutters is formed with perforations K to receive aspanner-wrench, by means of which the cutter may be detached from itstube. The core-barrel Ais attached by screw-threads to a cap M, whichsurrounds a nivotN, projecting downwardly from a head 0, which latter'isweighted or made of heavy material, so as to normally holdthecore-barrel depressed while the other parts of the tool are beingelevated in the ordinary operation of drilling. Nuts P are attached tothe pivot or stem N below the capM to hold the corebarrel in place butpermit the head 0 to turn without turning the barrel. The middle tube 0is formed with a series of longitudinal slots Q, through which-projectpins R, attached to the head 0 and having heads 7* interposed betweenthe tubes 0 and D. By these devices the tubes C and D are held a properdistance apart at their upper ends, and the tubes are allowed toreciprocate without reciprocating the core-barrel. Similar bolts S T areemployed for holding the core-barrel and the tubes C and D the properdistances apart near their lower ends. The arrangement is such,

however, that while these devices space the venous tubes the tubes 0 andD are allowed to recip' rocate freely without reciprocating the,corebarrel.

' Thecap M is formed'with recesses m, and recesses or holes at areforlned'in the outer tube D. By bringing the holes m and a intoalinement one or I more pins may be inserted so as to connect thecore-barrel A and the tubes and to cause the core-barrel to project atits lower end beyond the cutters 0 and d.

When this is done, the core-barrel may bedetached from its cap by meansof a spannerwrench, and the barrel, with the core, maybe taken outwithout separating any of-th'e other parts. The. cutters 0 andd may beeasily removed holes K. v The core-barrel is provided with an annularcutter U. which is connected by screwthreadsu to the core-barrel, so asto be detachable therefrom. The cutter has one or more holes a toreceive a spanner-wrench. The core-barrel is formed with a hole 2:,which maybe made to register-with the holes K K.

If a pin is inserted through these holes, the

core-barrel will he preventedv from rotating, and the bit or cutter Umay be removed by a spanner-wrench engaging the holes a. This may bedone without detaching the core-barrel from its cap; but, as beforestated, the core-barrel may be detached from its cap in the mannerbefore explained whenever desired. v

The core-barrel is shown in Fig. 2 as carrying ordinary springgripping-dogs U. The core-barrel is formed, preferably, at its upper endwith holes if to permit the exit of water that may find its way into thecore-barrel. Preferably the upper end of the head 0 is rounded toiit aconcave recess atthe lower end of head E. As the head E recip'rocates itstrikes the head 0 a smart blow at each downward movement and causes thecutter U' to shavethe core while it is being formed by the cutters c d.7 it is not absolutely essential that the slots H and the other exitsshould be employed, as the drill will operate under some circumstanceswithout these provisions,

and, as before stated, it is not essential that both tubes 0 and Dshould be used, as one may sometimes be employed in connection with thecore-barrel.

Diflerentkinds of cutters are often used on different kinds ofmaterials. 'In'Fig. 11 I have shown a modified form of cutter which maysometimes be employed.

In Figs. 12 and 14 the core-barrel is shown as provided with aremovablesection X, which is held in place by screws By removing these screws thecore may be inspected without removing it from the core-barrel.v This.

is a very desirable feature, inasmuch as often the-core is so soft orcrumbly that it cannot be removed as a whole 1 from the barrel, so

that it is impossible under such circumstances to examine the variousstrata or arrangement I by spanner-wrenches engaging the the core.

of the material of the core; but by my improvements this can readilybedone.

Sometimes the material is so soft that the ordinary gripping-dogs willnot properly hold I therefore under such circumstances preferably usethe construction shown in Fig. 13 as a substitute for the cutter U ofthe core-barrel. In this instance ll have shown a valve Y, hinged at yto a removable sec.- tion Y of the cutter. The section Y is ordinarilyheld in place by screws Y; but by detaching the screws Y the section Y,with the valve Y, may be taken out. A spring Z, attached to the sectionY, bears against the valve Y and tends to close it or move it to theposition shown by dotted lines in Fig. 13. in the operation of drillingas the core-barrel descends the core as it rises in the core-barrel willhold the valve Yin the elevated position (shown in full lines in Fig.13) within the recess a; but when the core-barrel is raised with thetool-that is, when the tool is being removed from the hole which it hasformed the valve Y will be moved to the position shown in dotted linesin Fig. 13 in such manner as to sustain the core and prevent it frombeing broken up or otherwise destroyed or injured. it will be observedthat the valve is curved, so that, while it can entirely close the boreof the barrel when it is elevated, as shown in Fig. 13, it will allowthe core to entirely fill the bore of the barrel.

ll claim as my invention 1. A non-rotary drill comprising a corebarreladapted to remain at rest dur ng the drilling operation and areciprocating annular cutter surrounding the core-barrel and having aswivel connection with the upper end thereof.

2. A non-rotary drill comprising a corebarrel having an annular cutterat its lower end and a reciprocating tube carrying an an nular cuttersurrounding the core-barrel having a swivel connection with the upperend of the core-barrel and adapted to strike the upper end of thecore-barrel on its downward movement.

3. The combination of a core-barrel, a tube or casing surrounding itcarrying a cutter at its lower end, a head to which said tube issecured, a head for the core-barrel to which the latter is' swiveled anda cutter on the corebarrel.

4. The combination of a core-barrel having a cutter at one end and a capat the other, a head to which the cap is swiveled, a tube or casingsurrounding the core-barrel carrying an annular cutter and a head towhich the tube or casing is attached and which is adapted to strike thehead of the core-barrel for the purpose specified.

5. The combination of a core-barrel, its head, a slotted tubesurrounding the core-barrel and carrying a cutter, pins secured to thecore-barrel head and extending through the slots, and a head to whichthe latter tube' is attached.

6. The combination of a surrounding tube or casing carrying a cutter, acore-barrel, a head for the core-barrel adapted to turn with the tube orcasing, a cap detachably connected with the core-barrel and swiveled orpivoted to the head and devices for connecting the cap with the casing,whereby the cap is locked to the casing for the purpose specified.

7 The combination of a tube or casing carrying a cutter and providedwith longitudinal slots, a core-barrel, a head to which it is swiveled,and pins connected with said head and extending through the slots,whereby the head is guided and the movement of the tube or casingrelatively to the head is limited.

8. The combination of a core-barrel, two concentric tubes surroundingthe core-barrel and both carrying cutters at their lower ends and theheaded bolts interposed between the tubes and barrel for holding themproper distances apart.

9. The combination of a core-barrel, its head, the cap secured to thetop of the corebarrel having a swivel connection with the head, tubessurrounding the core-barrel and provided with openings at and holes a inthe surrounding tubes adapted to register with the holes m for thepurpose specified.-

10. The combination of a head E adapted to be attached to an ordinarydrill-rod, a tube or casing attached thereto carrying an annular cutterat its lower end formed with oppositelybeveled teeth, a corebarrel, ahead therefor adapted to be struck by the first-mentioned head, and aswivel connection between the core-barrel and its head.

11. The combination of a reciprocating annular cutter and a core-barrelcontained within but removable from the cutter and which is providedwith a removable side section which enables the core to be inspectedwithout its removal from the core-barrel.

12. A core barrel for drills having a remov able side section extendingapproximately from end to end of the barrel and being formed when inplace to constitute an integral part of the barrel.

13. The combination of a core-barrel having a removable side section Y,and a springactuated valve attached thereto adapted to close thecore-barrel below the core.

14. The combination of a core-barrel, having an annular cutter at itslower end, devices for engaging or holding the core in the core-barrel,a cap for the barrel, a head to which the cap is pivotally connected, ahead adapted to be secured to a drill-rod, two concentric tubes'detachably connected with said head, means for holding the tubes aproper distance apart, exit-openings for permitting the powdered,material to escape from the tubes, and exit-openings for permittingwathe eutter may be detached from the-coreter to escape from thecore-barrel. 7 barrel.

15. The combination of a core-barrel hav- In testimony whereof I havehereunto subiiig the perforation v and provided with a scribed my name.detachable 'c'utter, a surrounding tube carry- WILLIAM S ing an annularcutter andhavingan opening I K adapted to register with the opening 41,Witnessesi whereby a. tool or pin may be inserted to lock SAMUEL S.ATWELL,

v the core-barrel to the surrounding tube and W. B. PURVIs.

